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In the context of behaviorism, a key component in learning is the strengthening or weakening of stimulus-response associations. Behaviorism posits that learning occurs through interactions with the environment, where behaviors are conditioned based on reinforcements or punishments. When a certain stimulus is consistently followed by a response, the connection between them becomes stronger, leading to learned behavior. Conversely, if the association is not reinforced or is subjected to negative consequences, that response may weaken or fade away.

This framework emphasizes observable behaviors over internal processes like thoughts and emotions, making it distinct from other learning theories that focus on cognitive or social aspects. By understanding how stimuli and responses interact, educators and trainers can develop strategies that effectively shape desired behaviors in a learning environment.